Sultan Salahuddin Ayubi, also known as Saladin (1137–1193), was one of the greatest Muslim military leaders and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty. He is best known for his role in the Crusades, particularly the Battle of Hattin (1187), where he decisively defeated the Crusader forces and recaptured Jerusalem from the Kingdom of Jerusalem. His leadership, chivalry, and mercy—especially towards his Christian opponents—earned him respect from both Muslims and non-Muslims.
Key Facts About Salahuddin Ayubi:
- Full Name: Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb
- Born: 1137 in Tikrit (modern-day Iraq)
- Died: 4 March 1193 in Damascus, Syria
- Title: Sultan of Egypt, Syria, Yemen, and Palestine
- Dynasty: Founder of the Ayyubid Dynasty
- Religious Affiliation: Sunni Islam
- Famous Battles:
- Battle of Hattin (1187): Defeated the Crusaders and recaptured Jerusalem.
- Siege of Jerusalem (1187): Retook Jerusalem peacefully, allowing Christians to leave or stay without harm.
- Third Crusade (1189–1192): Fought against Richard the Lionheart of England. Despite fierce battles, they reached a truce that allowed Christians to visit Jerusalem peacefully.
Legacy & Achievements:
✅ Reunited the Muslim World: Unified Egypt and Syria under one rule, strengthening the Muslim front against Crusaders.
✅ Military Genius: Master of strategy, leading to the downfall of the Crusader states.
✅ Justice & Mercy: Unlike the Crusaders, who massacred Muslims in 1099, Salahuddin spared civilians when he recaptured Jerusalem.
✅ Respected by Enemies: Even Richard the Lionheart admired him for his chivalry and noble conduct.
✅ Patron of Education & Arts: Built schools, hospitals, and supported scholars.
Death & Burial:
Salahuddin Ayubi passed away in 1193 in Damascus, leaving behind an empire but very little wealth, as he donated most of it to charity. His tomb is in Damascus, Syria, and remains a historical site.